高三動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)說(shuō)課課件

　　導語(yǔ)：漢語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)大多是通過(guò)副詞來(lái)表達的，而英語(yǔ)的時(shí)態(tài)是靠動(dòng)詞的變化和時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)表達的。下面小編分享高三動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)說(shuō)課課件，歡迎參考！

　　一般現在時(shí)

　　主要用來(lái)表示人、事物的現在狀況和特點(diǎn)；表示經(jīng)�；蛄晳T性的動(dòng)作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)； 表示客觀(guān)規律和永恒真理等。

　　例句：

　　He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning.

　　She has a brother who lives in New York.

　　The earth goes around the sun.

　　Guangzhou is situated in the south of China.

　　考點(diǎn)一：表示永恒的真理，即使出現在過(guò)去的.語(yǔ)境中，仍用一般現在時(shí)。

　　I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary

　　school.

　　考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)；常用的引導詞有：

　　時(shí)間：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/

　　the minute, the day;

　　條件：if, unless, provided.

　　If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.

　　考點(diǎn)三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter+賓語(yǔ)從句中，從句用一般現在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。

　　So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment.

　　只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么時(shí)候做完試驗。

　　考點(diǎn)四：在the more… the more… (越……越……) 的句型中, 若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí), 從句通常用一般現在時(shí)。

　　The harder you study, the better results you will get.

　　現在進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　表說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)或目前一段時(shí)間內正在進(jìn)行的活動(dòng)：表感情色彩，加強語(yǔ)氣。與頻率副詞，如always，constantly，continually，again等連用表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的某種感情色彩（贊嘆、厭煩、埋怨等）。

　　例句：

　　We are having English class.

　　The house is being built these days.

　　The little boy is always making trouble.

　　考點(diǎn)一：在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或條件狀語(yǔ)從句中表示將來(lái)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

　　Look out when you are crossing the street.

　　Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning.

　　考點(diǎn)二： 表示在最近按計劃或安排要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作（這時(shí)多有表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）。

　　Marry is leaving on Friday.

　　現在完成時(shí)

　　表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，完成在過(guò)去，但強調與現在情況仍有聯(lián)系，其結果或影響仍存在。

　　現在完成時(shí)有一些標志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。

　　考點(diǎn)一：for + 時(shí)間段；since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)

　　They have lived in Beijing for five years.

　　They have lived in Beijing since 1995.

　　I have learned English for ten years.

　　考點(diǎn)二：常見(jiàn)的不確定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：lately; recently, just, already, yet,up to now; till now; so far, these days,

　　Has it stopped raining yet ?

　　考點(diǎn)三：在表示“最近幾世紀/ 年/ 月以來(lái)……”時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用現在完成時(shí)。

　　in the past few years/months/weeks/days；over the past few years; during the last three months; for the last few centuries, through centuries; throughout history 等

　　考點(diǎn)四：表示“第幾次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名詞+that” 后面跟現在完成時(shí)。

　　This is my first time that I have visited China.

　　This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.

　　That is the only book that he has written.

　　一般過(guò)去時(shí)

　　表在過(guò)去某個(gè)特定時(shí)間發(fā)生且完成的動(dòng)作，或過(guò)去習慣性動(dòng)作，不強調對現在的影響，只說(shuō)明過(guò)去。常跟明確的過(guò)去時(shí)間連用，

　　如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war;

　　before; a few days ago; when

　　考點(diǎn)一：used to + do，表示過(guò)去經(jīng)常但現在已不再維持的習慣動(dòng)作。

　　to為不定式，后接動(dòng)詞原形。

　　be/become/get used to + doing，表示習慣于。

　　He used to smoke a lot.

　　He has got used to getting up early.

　　考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，代替過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。

　　He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise.

　　過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或某段時(shí)間內正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。

　　例句：

　　The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from

　　work.

　　He was taking a walk leisurely by the lake when he heard someone

　　shouted for help.

　　What were you doing at nine last night?

　　The radio was being repaired when you called me.

　　過(guò)去完成時(shí)

　　表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作，即過(guò)去完成時(shí)的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，句中有明顯的參照動(dòng)作或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，這種時(shí)態(tài)從來(lái)不孤立使用

　　( before, after, by, up till）

　　例句：

　　There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.

　　By the end of last term we had finished the book.

　　They finished earlier than we had expected.

　　考點(diǎn)一：用于hardly/scarcely...when; no sooner ...than 句型中，主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

　　I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.

　　I had no sooner got into the room than it began to snow.

　　No sooner had I arrived home than the telephone rang. （注意主謂倒裝）

　　考點(diǎn)二：表示“第幾次做某事”，主句用過(guò)去時(shí)，從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。

　　That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.

　　It was three years since we had parted.

　　考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示未實(shí)現的愿望、打算和意圖。

　　I had hoped that I could do the job.

　　I had intended to see you but I was too busy.

　　一般將來(lái)時(shí)

　　表在將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì )發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，其表現形式多達5種。

　　例句：

　　Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.

　　考點(diǎn)一：一般將來(lái)時(shí)總是用在一些時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或條件狀語(yǔ)從句的主句中

　　We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.

　�。ㄖ骶溆靡话銓�來(lái)時(shí)，從句中一定要用一般現在時(shí)替代一般將來(lái)時(shí)。）

　　考點(diǎn)二：某些表示短暫性動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用現在進(jìn)行時(shí)形式表示將來(lái)。

　　I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.

　　考點(diǎn)三：“祈使句 + and/or + 句子”，這種結構中and后面的句子謂語(yǔ)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。

　　Use your head and you will find a way.

　　考點(diǎn)四：“am (is, are) going to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示打算要做的事或可能要發(fā)生的事。

　　“am (is, are) about to +動(dòng)詞原形”表示按照預定計劃或打算準備著(zhù)手進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

　　“am (is, are) to + 動(dòng)詞原形”表示必須、必然或計劃將要做的事。

　　They are to be married in this May.

　　將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)

　　表將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，或按計劃一定會(huì )發(fā)生的事情。

　　例句：

　　I’ll be doing my homework this time tomorrow.

　　The President will be meeting the foreign delegation at the airport.

　　將來(lái)完成時(shí)

　　表在將來(lái)某時(shí)刻之前業(yè)已完成的事情，時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)非常明顯。

　　考點(diǎn)一：常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)一般用by+將來(lái)的時(shí)間。

　　如：by the end of this year, by 8 o’clock this evening, by March next

　　year以及由by the time…, before或when等引導的副詞從句。

　　By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.

　　By the time you reach the station, the train will have left.

　　By next Tuesday, I will have got ready for the exams.

　　考點(diǎn)二：在時(shí)間和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，將來(lái)完成時(shí)則由現在完成時(shí)表示。

　　The children will do their homework the moment they have arrived

　　back from school.

　　動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)

　　一般用于強調受者， 做題時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不再有名詞或賓語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)一般不單獨考，而是和時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一起考。

　　考點(diǎn)一：不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的動(dòng)詞和詞組

　　come true, consist of, take place, happen, become, rise, occur,

　　belong, break out, appear, arrive, die, fall, last, exist, fail, succeed

　　例句：

　　It took place before liberation.

　　考點(diǎn)二：下列動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示被動(dòng)意義, 而且常與well, quite, easily, badly等副詞連用。

　　lock ( 鎖 ) ; wash ( 洗 ); sell ( 賣(mài) ); read ( 讀 ); wear ( 穿 );

　　blame (責備)；ride (乘坐)；write ( 寫(xiě) )；

　　Glass breaks easily. 玻璃容易破碎。

　　The car rides smoothly. 這車(chē)走起來(lái)很穩。

　　The case locks easily. 這箱子很好鎖。

　　The book sells well. 這本書(shū)很暢銷(xiāo)。

　　考點(diǎn)三：一些常用經(jīng)典被動(dòng)句型：

　　It is said…, It is reported…, It is widely believed…, It is expected…, It is estimated…,

　　這些句子一般翻譯為“據說(shuō)……”，“人們認為……”，而 “以前人們認為……” 則應該說(shuō)：It was believed…, It was thought ...。

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