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2015年高考英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作句型
英語(yǔ)書(shū)面表達是體現個(gè)人水平的一個(gè)主要因素，也是各種考試考查的重要內容。怎樣才能提高英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作能力呢?方法是多種多樣的，但最重要的是夯實(shí)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言基本功，打好堅實(shí)的基礎。語(yǔ)言的基本功在寫(xiě)作教學(xué)中體現為準確應用詞匯和正確使用句型結構的能力，語(yǔ)句的組織銜接和謀篇布局的能力。在學(xué)生真正地掌握語(yǔ)匯用法的前提下，比較行之有效的方法是把句型教學(xué)放在寫(xiě)作情景中進(jìn)行教授，培養學(xué)生的應用和運用能力。
在句型結構教學(xué)中，應盡多設計一些寫(xiě)作情景，使句型結構服務(wù)于教學(xué)，這樣不僅提高了學(xué)生的寫(xiě)作興趣，也加強了教學(xué)的目的性和針對性。為了提高寫(xiě)作能力和寫(xiě)作水平，本文主要歸納和總結了英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中常用的一些重點(diǎn)句型。希望能給同行們在教學(xué)中，學(xué)生在學(xué)習上有一些幫助。
以形式主語(yǔ)it引導的句型。
句型1.
It (so) happened(chanced) that +clause. = sb. happened /chanced to do sth. =sb.did sth. by chance. 如：
It happened that he was out when I got there. 當我到那兒時(shí)，碰巧他不在。=He happened to be out when I got there.= It chanced that he was out when I got there= He was out by chance when I got there.
句型2.
It seems that sb. do/ be doing/ have done/ had done= Sb. seems to do/ be doing/ have done/to be done/to have been done(還有動(dòng)詞appear等可這樣使用)如:
It seemed that he had been to Beijing before.他好象以前去過(guò)北京。=He seemed to have been to Beijing before.
句型3.
It is / was+被強調的部分+that(who)+剩余的部分.如：
It wasn’t until he came back that I went to bed.直到他回來(lái)我才睡覺(jué)。(一定要注意被強調句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞否定的轉移)。 It was because he was ill that he didn’t come to school today.只因為他有病了今天沒(méi)有來(lái)上學(xué)。(只能用because而不能用for, as 或since)
It is I who am a student. 我確實(shí)是個(gè)學(xué)生。(句中am不能用are來(lái)代替。)
句型4.
It is high time (time/ about time)+ (that) 主語(yǔ)+should do / did+其它。(從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用的是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。)如:
It is high time that we should go / went home.我們該回家了。
句型5.
It is / was said ( reported…)+that+從句. 如：
It was said that he had read this novel.據說(shuō)他讀過(guò)這篇小說(shuō)。=He was said to have read this novel.
句型6.
It is impossible / necessary/ strange…that clause.(從句中的謂語(yǔ)用should+do / should have done，其形式是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。)如：
It is strange that he should have failed in this exam.真奇怪，他這次考試沒(méi)有及格。
句型7.
It is + a pity/ a shame…that clause.(注意從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should do或should have done的形式，但should可以省略。)如：
He didn’t come back until the film ended. It was a pity that he should have missed this film. 他直到電影結束才回來(lái)。他沒(méi)有看到這部電影真可惜。
句型8.
It is suggested / ordered/ commanded /…that +clause.(從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用should do, 但should可以省略。)如：
It is suggested that the meeting should be put off.有人建議推遲會(huì )議。
句型9.
It is/was+表示地點(diǎn)的名詞+where+從句。(注意本句不是強調句型，而是以where引導的定語(yǔ)從句。)如：
It was this house where I was born.請比較：It was in this house that I was born.(后一句是強調句型。)
句型10.
It is / was +表示時(shí)間的名詞+when+從句。(注意本句型也不是強調句型，而是以when引導的定語(yǔ)從句。)如：
It was 1999 when he came back from the United States. 請比較：It was in 1999 that he came back from the United States.
句型11.
It is well-known that+從句。如：
It is well-known that she is a learned woman.眾所周知，她是個(gè)知識淵博的婦女。
句型12.
It is +段時(shí)間+since+主語(yǔ)+did. 請比較：
It was +段時(shí)間+since+主語(yǔ)+had done. 如：
It is five years since he left here.他已經(jīng)離開(kāi)這兒五年了。
It was five years since he left here.(同上)
注意下列句型的翻譯:It is five years since he lived here.他從這兒搬走已經(jīng)有五年了。
句型13.
It +謂語(yǔ)+段時(shí)間+before+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ).( before引導的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。) 如：
It wasn’t long before the people in that country rose up.沒(méi)有多久那個(gè)國家的人民就起義了。
It will be three hours before he comes back.三個(gè)小時(shí)之后他才能回來(lái)。
句型14.
It is +形容詞(possible, impossible, necessary等) +for+ sb.+ to do. 如：
It is impossible for me to finish this work before tomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。
句型15.
It is +(心理品質(zhì)方面的)形容詞+of + sb. +to do.= 主語(yǔ)+ be +形容詞+to do.(常用的形容詞有：kind, stupid; foolish, good, wise等。)如：
It is kind of you to help me.=You are kind to help me.你真好給我提供了幫助。
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