美國歷史文化的英語(yǔ)作文

　　下面是小編整理的美國歷史文化的英語(yǔ)作文，歡迎閱讀。

　　美國歷史文化

　　Franklin is the Founding Father who is seen as the master of home-spun(樸素的) practical wisdom. Of humble origins, Franklin began as a printer and writer (the author of Poor Richard's Almanack), then became an inventor and scientist, and concluded his long career as the consummate(完美的) diplomat. He played a key behind-the-scenes role at the conventions that led to the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

　　富蘭克林是美國開(kāi)國元勛，被譽(yù)為樸素、務(wù)實(shí)的智慧大師。他出身貧寒，最初從事印刷和寫(xiě)作(《窮人理查德年鑒》一書(shū)的作者)，后成為發(fā)明家和科學(xué)家，最后作為杰出的外交家結束了漫長(cháng)的職業(yè)生涯。他從幕后為各種重要會(huì )議發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用，最后導致《獨立宣言》和《美國憲法》的誕生。

　　George Washington (1732-99)

　　The first president of the United States and the American commander in chief during the War of Independence from Great Britain, Washington is often called the "Father of His Country." Originally a gentleman farmer from Virginia, Washington showed great leadership qualities as a soldier. Highly popular with the American public, he was eulogized by a member of Congress as "first in war, first in peace, first in the hearts of his countrymen."

　　喬治?華盛頓(George Washington, 1732-1799)

　　華盛頓是美國第一任總統，在擺脫英國統治的獨立戰爭(War of Independence)時(shí)期擔任總司令，常被尊稱(chēng)為“國父”。他原是弗吉尼亞州(Virginia)一位從事農業(yè)的鄉紳，后成為一名軍人，表現出非凡的領(lǐng)導能力。他在美國公眾中享有崇高的聲望，一位國會(huì )議員曾贊頌他

　　是“英勇作戰第一人，爭取和平第一人、國人心中第一人”。

　　Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826)

　　Jefferson was the primary author of the Declaration of Independence in 1776. "We hold these truths to be self-evident," he wrote, "that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness." Jefferson, who was later elected the third president of the United States, also wrote the state of Virginia's law establishing religious freedom and founded the University of Virginia. 托馬斯?杰佛遜(Thomas Jefferson, 1743-1826)

　　杰佛遜是1776年《獨立宣言》主要起草人。他寫(xiě)道：“我們認為下面這些真理是不言而喻的 : 人人生而平等，造物者賦予他們若干不可剝奪的權利，其中包括生命權、自由權和追求幸福的權利�！苯芊疬d后來(lái)當選美國第三任總統。他還起草了弗吉尼亞州保障宗教自由的法律，并創(chuàng )辦了弗吉尼亞大學(xué)(University of Virginia)。

　　Sacagawea (ca. 1786-1812)

　　A young woman of the Lemhi Indians in present-day Idaho, Sacagawea helped the Lewis and Clark expedition in 1804-06 explore vast newly acquired lands in the American West. Sacagawea, who spoke several Indian dialects, served as a guide and interpreter to various Native American tribes during this peaceful expedition. When the expedition encountered the Lemhi band, she arranged for the Lemhi to provide the horses, provisions, and shelter that made the journey to the

　　Pacific Ocean possible. One of Sacagawea's descendants, Willow Jack, is pictured in authentic costume.

　　莎卡嘉薇亞(Sacagawea, 1786-1812)

　　莎卡嘉薇亞是印第安人萊姆哈伊(Lemhi)部族的成員，該地現屬愛(ài)達荷州(Idaho)。她在1804年至1806年間幫助劉易斯(Lewis)和克拉克(Clark)遠征隊在美國剛獲得的西部廣袤土地上探險。莎卡嘉薇亞通曉好幾種印第安人的方言，為這項和平探險任務(wù)擔任向導并充當譯員，與各種各樣的印第安人部族進(jìn)行溝通。在探險隊遇到萊姆哈伊部族時(shí)，該部族經(jīng)過(guò)她的安排為他們前往太平洋沿岸的旅途提供了必需的馬匹、糧草和住所。圖中身穿正統印第安人服裝的威洛?杰克(Willow Jack)是莎卡嘉薇亞的后裔。

　　Abraham Lincoln (1809-1865)

　　President during the American Civil War, 1861-65, Lincoln is revered for having kept the Union together and freeing the slaves. A legislator from Illinois, Lincoln won the Republican nomination for president and was elected on an anti-slavery platform in 1860. As a result, 11 southern states seceded and war began. In the Gettysburg Address, he stated his resolve “that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

　　亞伯拉罕?林肯(Abraham Lincoln, 1809-1865)

　　林肯在1861年至1865年美國南北戰爭時(shí)期擔任美國總統，他因維護美國統一和解放黑奴而廣受尊崇。林肯原是伊利諾伊州(Illinois)聯(lián)邦議員，后獲共和黨提名為總統候選人，1860年以反對奴隸制的政綱當選總統。此后，南方11個(gè)州脫離聯(lián)邦，引發(fā)美國內戰。林肯發(fā)表的葛底斯堡演說(shuō)(Gettysburg Address)表示，決心“使民有、民治、民享的政府與世長(cháng)存”。

　　Susan B. Anthony (1820-1906)

　　Appalled that the 15th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution (1870) guaranteed the right to vote to newly freed slaves but not to women, Susan B. Anthony led a group of women to the polls in Rochester, New York. She was arrested several times for trying to vote, and later organized the International Woman Suffrage Alliance. She died in 1906, having paved the way for the ratification of the 19th Amendment, which granted American women the right to vote in 1920. 蘇珊?安東尼(Susan B. Anthony, 1820-1906)

　　蘇珊?安東尼對1870年美國憲法第15條修正案表示極為不滿(mǎn)，因為該修正案只保障新獲得解放的奴隸有選舉權，但不給婦女同樣的權利。她帶領(lǐng)一群婦女去紐約州羅切斯特(Rochester, New York)投票站表達抗議。她因試圖投票參加選舉多次被捕，后來(lái)組織了國際婦女選舉權同盟(International Woman Suffrage Alliance)。她于1906年逝世，但她為1920年保障婦女選舉權的第19條憲法修正案獲得通過(guò)創(chuàng )造了條件。

　　Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

　　The foremost physicist of the 20th century, Albert Einstein developed the theory of relativity, which overturned previous ideas on the nature of the physical universe. Born in 1879 in Germany, he developed his important ideas as a young man. In 1933, Einstein took a position with the Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, New Jersey, and became an American citizen in 1940." His ideas would prove instrumental in developing the atomic bomb during World War II. 阿爾伯特?愛(ài)因斯坦(Albert Einstein, 1879-1955)

　　愛(ài)因斯坦是20世紀久負盛名的物理學(xué)家。他創(chuàng )立了相對論(theory of relativity)，推翻了關(guān)于宇宙本質(zhì)的舊觀(guān)念。他1879年生于德國，很年輕時(shí)就提出了許多重要觀(guān)點(diǎn)，1933年，他到新澤西州普林斯頓(Princeton, New Jersey)的高等研究院(Institute for Advanced Studies)任職， 1940年成為美國公民。他的學(xué)術(shù)思想對于美國在第二次世界大戰(World War II)期間發(fā)明原子彈發(fā)揮了關(guān)鍵作用。

　　富蘭克林?戴萊諾?羅斯福(Franklin Delano Roosevelt, 1882-1945)

　　羅斯福以其樂(lè )觀(guān)的精神和政治智慧幫助美國渡過(guò)了南北戰爭(the Civil War)以來(lái)最艱難的時(shí)期：大蕭條(the Great Depression)和第二次世界大戰(World War II)。他于1933年就任總統，執政長(cháng)達12年。在此期間，美國經(jīng)濟得到恢復，軸心國軍隊(the Axis forces)被打敗。羅斯福是貧苦民眾心目中的英雄，但眾多工商界人士并不認同他在“新政” (New Deal)時(shí)期實(shí)施的經(jīng)濟和社會(huì )改革。

　　Franklin Delano Roosevelt (1882-1945)

　　Franklin D. Roosevelt's optimism and political savvy helped carry the United States though its greatest domestic crisis since the Civil War: the hard times of the Great Depression and World War II. He assumed the presidency in 1933 and—during his 12 years at the helm—saw his country recover economically and triumph over the Axis forces. FDR was a hero to the poor, but many businessmen did not favor his economic and social reforms, called the New Deal.

　　約翰?菲茨杰拉德?肯尼迪(

　　John Fitzgerald Kennedy, 1917-1963)

　　肯尼迪具有卓越的領(lǐng)導才能，建立了眾多的業(yè)績(jì)，風(fēng)度優(yōu)雅，充滿(mǎn)智慧和魅力，人們經(jīng)常懷著(zhù)感念的心情回憶他擔任美國總統的三年時(shí)光。在德克薩斯州達拉斯(Dallas, Texas)，刺客的一顆子彈奪走了他的生命，但是他激勵了千百萬(wàn)人民。1962年，他以堅定的意志抗擊來(lái)古巴的蘇聯(lián)導彈威脅，以后又與蘇聯(lián)進(jìn)行合作，緩和了核軍備競賽。他還創(chuàng )立了爭取進(jìn)步聯(lián)盟(Alliance for Progress)及和平隊(Peace Corps)。

　　John Fitzgerald Kennedy (1917-1963)

　　People everywhere look back nostalgically to JFK's three years as president of the United States because of his leadership, his accomplishments, and his grace, wit, and charisma. He inspired millions before he was killed by an assassin's bullet in Dallas, Texas. Although not afraid to stand

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