作者：朱孔仁 賈利民

1. 【問(wèn)】My leather tennis shoes are worn out. I need another pair. 第一句中的are worn out 是強調被動(dòng)嗎？第二句中的pair可以用one替換嗎？

【答】wear out 意為"穿壞；用舊"，后面要接賓語(yǔ)。如果表示"某物被穿壞或用舊"則用be worn out。雖然該結構在形式上與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一致，但它只強調狀態(tài)，而不強調被動(dòng)。

第二句中的pair 指的是a pair of leather tennis shoes, 故不能用one代替pair。

2.【問(wèn)】Even though they're a little expensive, I'll take them. 句中even though的用法與even if一樣嗎？

【答】even though =even if, 用于引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為"盡管；即使；縱然"。它們引導讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，若主句是一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句通常用一般現在時(shí)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)。

但二者又有區別：even though引導的從句的內容往往是事實(shí)；而even if引導的從句可能是假定性的。試比較：

Even though he knows it, he'll not let out the secret.（他知道這個(gè)秘密）

Even if he knows it, he'll not let out the secret.（不確定他是否知道這個(gè)秘密）

3．【問(wèn)】The camera cost so much that I didn't buy one. 句中so可以換成such嗎？

【答】不可以。so...that...與such...that...都可作"如此......以致于......"解，但二者所慣用的句型不同。so 通常用于以下幾種句型：

1）so + adj. / adv. + that從句。如：

The book is so expensive that I can't afford it.

2）so + many / much / few / little + n. + that 從句。如：

He has so few friends that he is lonely.

3）so + adj. + a（an） + n. + that從句。如：

She is so clever a girl that we all like her.

而such 通常用于句型：such + (a/an) + adj. + n. + that 從句。如：

He is such a young boy that he can't go to school.