作者：于雨

快來(lái)"詞語(yǔ)拾零"!1-3單元的重點(diǎn)單詞又與你們見(jiàn)面了!下面我們進(jìn)行精彩回放,讓你們復習的時(shí)候隨 "e" 而行,隨 "e" 而動(dòng)。準備好筆記本,出擊啦!

1.【原句再現】What makes your friend so special?

【問(wèn)題探究】make在這里是"制造"的意思嗎?

【疏疑解惑】不是!此處的make是使役動(dòng)詞,意為"使,讓......",其用法可歸納為make sb. do sth.; make sth.+adj.; make it + adj.+ to do sth.。例如:

How can I make him believe that? 我怎么才能讓他相信此事呢?

What made your Mum so angry? 是什么讓你媽媽這么生氣?

Bill Gates wanted to make it easier for people to use the computers. 比爾蓋茨想讓人們更容易地操作電腦。

還可以擴展一下呢:make也可用動(dòng)名詞作賓補。例如:

Don't make your mother waiting for long. 別讓你媽媽久等了。

2.【原句再現】I have a most wonderful friend called Max.

【問(wèn)題探究】如何理解句中的called?

【疏疑解惑】此處的called是過(guò)去分詞充當后置定語(yǔ),其同義表達可用named, with the name, by the name of等。此句的同義句可為:I have a most wonderful friend named / with the name / by the name of Max.

3.【原句再現】We take the bus all the way to the Palace Museum.

【問(wèn)題探究】此處的take為何義?

【疏疑解惑】此處的take意為"乘,坐",后接交通工具如bus, car, plane等,相當于go... by bus/car/plane。此外,take還有如下用法:

①take sb. / sth. to somewhere意為"把某人、某物帶到某地"。例如:

Can you help me take these things to the teachers' room? 你能幫我把這些東西送到老師辦公室去嗎?

②It takes / took sb. + some time + to do sth.意為"做某事花費某人多少時(shí)間"。例如:

It will take you two hours to go back to the USA. 回到美國你要花費兩個(gè)小時(shí)。

4.【原句再現】Luckily, the climbers helped Simon.

【問(wèn)題探究】請說(shuō)說(shuō)help一詞的用法!

【疏疑解惑】help是個(gè)及物動(dòng)詞,其用法可歸納為三點(diǎn):

①help sb. with sth.例如:She helped me with my English. 她幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。

②help sb. do/to do sth. 上一句的同義句就是She helped me (to) learn English.

③help也可用作不可數名詞。例如: With his help I finished the work. 在他的幫助下,我完成了這項工作。

Go to get help from the police. 去向警察求助吧。

5.【原句再現】 They kept their secret to themselves.

【問(wèn)題探究】你能總結一下keep的用法嗎?

【疏疑解惑】keep可是動(dòng)詞家族中的"活躍分子",其后可接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞等作賓語(yǔ)。例如:

Don't keep thinking about that. 別老是考慮那事了。

keep是個(gè)延續性動(dòng)詞,與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用。請看下面的情景對話(huà):

A: Excuse me. Can I borrow this book? 打擾一下,我可以借這本書(shū)嗎?

B: Certainly. Here you are. 當然,給你。

A: How long can I keep it? 我能借多久?

B: A week. 一周。

另外,keep可用形容詞、V-ing、動(dòng)詞不定式或介詞短語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)補足語(yǔ)。例如:

You should keep yourself busy every day. 你應該使自己每天保持忙碌。

You kept me waiting for you for two hours. 你讓我等了兩個(gè)小時(shí)。

He keeps a dairy to help him remember things. 他記日記幫助他記住一些事情。

6.【原句再現】You need to exercise and keep fit.

【問(wèn)題探究】此句中的need是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞嗎?

【疏疑解惑】不是!此句中的need是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,后面可接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞不定式,有人稱(chēng)及數的變化。例如:

You need a NO.16 bus. 你需要乘16路公交車(chē)。

She needs to cut her weight. 她需要減肥了。

need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用時(shí)常用于疑問(wèn)句或否定句,無(wú)人稱(chēng)或數的變化。例如:He needn't wait for me. 他不需要等我。

同時(shí),need也可以作名詞,常作不可數名詞。例如:

We are in need of money. 我們需要錢(qián)。