英語(yǔ)作文寫(xiě)作指導方法解析
學(xué)生寫(xiě)作時(shí)，如果語(yǔ)句平平，只選用一些普通的、直截了當的詞，那么，這樣寫(xiě)出來(lái)的文章根本沒(méi)有可閱讀行，就像是一碗沒(méi)有油鹽醬醋面條一樣，讓人提不起一點(diǎn)精神和看下去的欲望，呆板、單調，沒(méi)有可讀性。如果一篇文章要讓讀者有可讀性、有深度，同學(xué)們更應該掌握一些高級點(diǎn)詞和語(yǔ)句來(lái)裝飾你的文章，突出這篇文章的彩頭，使文章增添文采，給讀者以不一樣的感受。具體方法可以參照下面的語(yǔ)句：
1. 畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛，一篇文章的開(kāi)頭很重要。
在通常情況下，英語(yǔ)句子的排列方式為“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)”，即主語(yǔ)一般都會(huì )在謂語(yǔ)前面。但若根據情況適當改變句子的開(kāi)頭方式，比如在文章的開(kāi)始的時(shí)候寫(xiě)一些倒狀語(yǔ)句或以狀語(yǔ)為起始語(yǔ)句的開(kāi)頭，這樣子的文章更具表現力和感染力。如：
(1) There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.
→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple.
在小山頂上有一座古廟。
(2) You can do it well only in this way.
→ Only in this way can you do it well.
只有這樣你才能把它做好。
(3) A young woman sat by the window.
→ By the window sat a young woman.
窗戶(hù)邊坐著(zhù)一個(gè)年輕婦女。
2. 避免重復使用同一詞語(yǔ)
為了使表達更生動(dòng)，更富表現力，同學(xué)們在寫(xiě)作時(shí)應盡量避免重復使用同一詞語(yǔ)來(lái)表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常談的詞語(yǔ)。如有的同學(xué)一看到“喜歡”二字，就會(huì )立刻想起like，事實(shí)上，英語(yǔ)中表示類(lèi)似意思的詞和短語(yǔ)很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for等。如：
I like reading while my brother likes watching television.
→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television.
我喜歡看書(shū)，而我的兄弟卻喜歡看電視。
3. 合理使用省略句
合理恰當地使用省略句，不僅可以使文章精練、簡(jiǎn)潔，而且會(huì )使文章更具文采和可讀性。如：
(1) He may be busy. If he’s busy, I’ll call later. If he is not busy, can I see him now?
→ He may be busy. If so, I’ll call later. If not, can I see him now?
他可能很忙，要是這樣，我以后再來(lái)拜訪(fǎng)。要是不忙，我現在可以見(jiàn)他嗎?
(2) If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If it is not fine, we’ll not go.
→ If the weather is fine, we’ll go. If not, not.
如果天氣好，我們就去；如果天氣不好，我們就不去了。
(3) She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t do so.
→ She could have applied for that job, but she didn’t.
她本可申請這份工作的，但她沒(méi)有。
4. 適當運用非謂語(yǔ)結構
非謂語(yǔ)結構通常被認為是一種高級結構，適當運用非謂語(yǔ)結構，會(huì )給人一種熟練駕馭語(yǔ)言的印象。如：
(1) When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.
→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy.
聽(tīng)了這消息他們都高興得跳了起來(lái)。
(2) As I didn’t know her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
→ Not knowing her address, I wasn’t able to get in touch with her.
由于不知道她的地址，我沒(méi)法和她聯(lián)系。
(3) As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
他出生農民家庭，只上過(guò)兩年學(xué)。
5. 結合使用長(cháng)句與短句
在英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)作中，過(guò)多地使用長(cháng)句或過(guò)多地使用短句都不好。正確的做法是，根據實(shí)際情況在文章中交替使用長(cháng)句與短語(yǔ)，使文章顯得錯落有致，這樣不僅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章讀起來(lái)鏗鏘有力。如：
At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.
→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess.
中午我們曬著(zhù)太陽(yáng)吃野餐。休息一會(huì )兒后，我們唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，還有的講笑話(huà)、下棋，大家玩得很開(kāi)心。
6. 適當使用短語(yǔ)代替單詞
(1) He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.
→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up.
他已決定長(cháng)大了當老師。
(2) He doesn't like music.
→ He doesn't care much for music.
他不大喜歡音樂(lè )。
(3) He told me that the question was now under discussion.
→ He told me that the question was now being discussed.
他告訴我問(wèn)題現正正在討論中。
7. 恰當套用某些固定表達
(1) He was very tired. He couldn’t walk any farther.
→ He was too tired to walk any farther.
他太累了，不能再往前走了。
(2) The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.
→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it.
這電影很有趣，學(xué)生和老師都很喜歡。
(3) Your son is old. He can look after himself now.
→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now.
你的兒子已經(jīng)長(cháng)大，可以自己照顧自己了。
8. 盡量使句子帶點(diǎn)“洋味”
(1) Don't worry. Be bold and try it, and you'll learn it soon.
→Don't worry. Just go for it, and you'll get it soon.
別擔心，大膽試一試，你很快就會(huì )學(xué)會(huì )的。
(2) Thank you for playing with us.
→Thank you for sharing the time with us.
謝謝你陪我玩。
9. 綜合使用各類(lèi)所謂的“高級”結構
(1) Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.
→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out.
現在人人都知道這消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。
(2) We had to stand there to catch the offender.
→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender.
我們所能做的只是站在那兒，設法抓住違章者。
(3) If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher’s, it is at least as good as her teacher’s.
→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher’s.
如果她的語(yǔ)音不比她的老師好的話(huà)，至少也不會(huì )比她老師的差。
10. 適當使用名言警句點(diǎn)綴
在寫(xiě)作時(shí)根據實(shí)際情況恰當地用上一兩句名言警句來(lái)點(diǎn)綴文章，不僅使文章顯得有深度、有智慧，而且會(huì )讓文章在評分中上一個(gè)“得分檔次”。如：
(1) As the proverb says, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” Though you fail this time, you needn’t lose heart. As long as you work hard and stick to your dream, you will succeed one day.
(2) There is a proverb goes like this “Life isn’t a bed of roses.” It is ture that it is likely for everyone to meet problems and difficulties in life.
(3) In the modern world, more and more people live alone, which is not so good for our life. It is better for us to make more friends and enjoy friendship. Just as a proverb says, “A near friend is better than a far-dwelling kinsman.”
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