英語(yǔ)內容資料
英語(yǔ)不止做為一門(mén)語(yǔ)言和交流工具，而是被提升到了必備技能的范疇，同學(xué)們，所以學(xué)習英語(yǔ)是相當必要也是相當重要的。歡迎大家收藏！
英語(yǔ)內容資料
如何用最科學(xué)的辦法學(xué)習一門(mén)外語(yǔ)
How we learn language
人們學(xué)習語(yǔ)言的方式
Learning language is something we’re born to do. As children, we learn to think, learn to communicate and intuitively pick up an understanding of grammar rules in our mother tongue, or native language. From then on, we learn all new languages in relation to the one we first knew—the one that we used to understand the world around us for the first time ever。
學(xué)習語(yǔ)言是人類(lèi)與生俱來(lái)的行為。從孩提時(shí)起，我們就學(xué)習思考、學(xué)習交流，并且本能地掌握母語(yǔ)或本族語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法。從那時(shí)起，我們便學(xué)習跟初識有關(guān)的任何新語(yǔ)言——正是憑著(zhù)初識，我們才懂得周?chē)氖澜纭?/p>
Learning a foreign language
學(xué)習一門(mén)外語(yǔ)
When it comes to learning a second language, adults are at a disadvantage. As we age, our brain’s plasticity (its ability to create new neurons and synapses) is reduced. Following brain damage that causes a loss of speech, for instance, researchers have observed that children are more likely to regain the power of speech, by creating new pathways in the brain to replace the damaged ones。
說(shuō)到學(xué)習第二語(yǔ)言，成人總是處于不利地位。隨著(zhù)年齡增長(cháng)，人類(lèi)大腦的可塑性就會(huì )衰退，而這種可塑性卻能產(chǎn)生新的神經(jīng)元與突觸。緊接著(zhù)大腦損傷便會(huì )造成語(yǔ)言能力的喪失。比如，研究人員已經(jīng)發(fā)現，通過(guò)新陳代謝取代大腦受損細胞，兒童更容易重新獲得語(yǔ)言能力。
There’s still hope, though. A study of secondary language pronunciation found that some learners who started as adults scored as well as native speakers. It’s also been shown that motivation to learn can improve proficiency, so if you really want to learn a language, it’s not necessarily too late。
當然希望還是有的。一項有關(guān)第二語(yǔ)言發(fā)音的研究發(fā)現，有些成年學(xué)習者照樣可以將外語(yǔ)學(xué)得很地道。而且，學(xué)習語(yǔ)言的動(dòng)機能極大提高語(yǔ)言掌握的熟練度。所以，如果你真的特別想學(xué)某種語(yǔ)言，任何時(shí)候都不算晚。
Give yourself the best chance
給自己最好的機會(huì )
If you want to put in the effort to learn a new language, try these methods that are known for improving learning and memory。
如果你想努力學(xué)一門(mén)新語(yǔ)言，那就試試下面這些方法吧，這些方法可以在學(xué)習和記憶方面幫到你。
1. Spaced repetition
1. 間隔重復。
Spaced repetition is a proven memory technique that helps you keep what you’ve learned strong in your mind. The way it works is you revise each word or phrase you’ve learned in spaced intervals. Initially the intervals will be smaller: you might revise a new word a few times in one practice session, and then again the next day. Once you know it well you’ll be able to leave days or weeks between revisions without forgetting it。
“間隔重復”是很有效的記憶技巧，有助于將學(xué)過(guò)的知識牢牢記在大腦里。具體方法就是：每隔一段時(shí)間就復習學(xué)過(guò)的每個(gè)單詞或詞組。剛開(kāi)始間隔時(shí)間比較短：你可能需要在某個(gè)練習階段復習好幾次生詞，然后第二天再重復。一旦熟悉以后，你可以幾天或者幾個(gè)星期再復習一下，這樣依舊可以記得清清楚楚。
2. Learn before you sleep
2. 睡前學(xué)習。
One of the many benefits we get from sleep is that it helps to clear out the brain’s “inbox” – the temporary storage of new information and memories from our time awake. We need sleep (even just a nap) to move anything we’ve recently learned into our brain’s long term storage. Once it’s safely stored, spaced repetition will help to strengthen the connection so we can recall the information faster and more accurately。
睡眠的一個(gè)好處就是它能清除大腦的“收件箱”——也就是我們在清醒時(shí)臨時(shí)儲存的新信息和記憶。我們需要睡眠(哪怕只是打盹)將最新學(xué)習的東西轉換到大腦的長(cháng)期儲存中。一旦儲存固定，“間隔重復”將強化之間的`聯(lián)系，這樣我們便能更快更準確地記住信息了。
3. Study content, not the language
3. 學(xué)習語(yǔ)言?xún)热�，而非語(yǔ)言本身。
Although most language learning classes and progams focus on purely learning the language, a study of high school students studying French found that when they studied another subject taught in French instead of a class purely to teach French, the students tested better for listening and were more motivated to learn. Students in the standard French class scored better on reading and writing tests, so both methods clearly have merit。
盡管多數語(yǔ)言教學(xué)課程重點(diǎn)強調單純學(xué)習語(yǔ)言本身，但一項有關(guān)高中生學(xué)法語(yǔ)的研究發(fā)現，如果學(xué)生學(xué)習某個(gè)用法語(yǔ)教學(xué)的課程，而非單純的法語(yǔ)課，那么學(xué)生的法語(yǔ)聽(tīng)力成績(jì)更出色，而且學(xué)生也更有動(dòng)力去學(xué)。不過(guò)，標準法語(yǔ)班的學(xué)生在閱讀和寫(xiě)作上的成績(jì)更高。顯然，兩種方法各具優(yōu)勢吧。
Once you’ve mastered the basics of a new language, try including some content on a topic you’re interested in to improve your understanding. You could have conversations with friends learning the same language, read articles online or listen to a podcast to test your comprehension。
當你掌握某個(gè)語(yǔ)言的基本知識后，請嘗試了解自己關(guān)心的話(huà)題內容，這樣可以提高理解能力。你可以跟學(xué)這門(mén)語(yǔ)言的同伴交談，閱讀網(wǎng)絡(luò )文章，或者通過(guò)聽(tīng)播客來(lái)測試自己的理解力。
4. Practice a little everyday
4. 每天都練習一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。
If you’re busy, you might be tempted to put off your studying and cram in a big chunk of learning once every week or two. However, studying a little every day is actually more effective. Because your brain’s “inbox” has limited space and only sleep can clear it out, you’ll hit the limit of how much you can take in pretty quickly if you study for hours at a time。
如果你很忙，可能會(huì )拖延學(xué)習，然后每個(gè)一兩個(gè)星期再集中填鴨式地學(xué)一會(huì )兒。但實(shí)際上，每天堅持學(xué)一點(diǎn)的方法更有效率。因為你大腦“收件箱”的空間是有限的，只能在睡覺(jué)時(shí)清空，所以如果你選擇一次性快速學(xué)一堆知識的話(huà)，最終能夠掌握的也很有限。
5. Mix new and old
5. 溫故知新。
The brain craves novelty but attempting to learn lots of new words or phrases at once can be overwhelming. Novel concepts work best when they’re mixed in with familiar information。
大腦渴望新鮮知識，但如果一次性學(xué)習太多生詞短語(yǔ)的話(huà)，則會(huì )欲速不達。只有結合已經(jīng)熟悉的知識，才能更好地掌握新知識。
When you add new words to your vocabulary, try spacing them in-between words you’re already familiar with so they’ll stand out—your brain will latch onto them more easily。
當你學(xué)習新詞匯時(shí)，請把它與已經(jīng)掌握的、意義接近的詞匯區分開(kāi)來(lái)——這樣大腦才能更容易地記住生詞。
【英語(yǔ)內容資料】相關(guān)文章：
英語(yǔ)讀書(shū)小報內容資料09-16
英語(yǔ)手抄小報內容資料09-02
國慶英語(yǔ)的手抄報資料內容05-28
國慶節英語(yǔ)手抄報內容資料06-26
國慶節英語(yǔ)手抄報資料內容09-01
體育的小報資料內容07-03
安全內容資料小報07-19
安全小報內容資料06-27
數學(xué)小報資料內容10-07
讀書(shū)小報的資料內容09-02