全面掃描
類(lèi)別 新 課 標 要 求
重
點(diǎn)
單
詞 standard conscience anyway admit abundant personally occupy ambition constant welfare composer noble gain selfish wage clap dictation alphabet stick academic acquire acquisition awful instruct motivation anxious tyre secure translator interpreter adopt patience overweight operation comprehension junior association senior
重
點(diǎn)
短
語(yǔ)
1. leave alone 不管,隨……去
2. in need of /in want of 需要
3. lose up （猶指暫時(shí)）關(guān)閉
4. bring in 生產(chǎn),介紹,引進(jìn)
5. afford to 承擔得起
6. in the race to do sth 可能成功地做……
7. make it short 長(cháng)話(huà)短說(shuō)
8. have no eye for 不關(guān)心, 不注意
9. have eyes/an eye for 對……感興趣
10. urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
11. comment on 評論
12. in honor of 為紀念,為慶祝
13. in favor of 支持
14. in face of 面對……
16. make sense of 弄懂……的意思
17. in other words 換句話(huà)說(shuō)
18. take risks/ a risk 冒險
19. experiment with 進(jìn)行實(shí)驗
20. fall behind 落后于
21. adjust to 適應
22. in common 共同,共同享有的
23. as a consequence 結果是
24. contribute to 捐獻 對……起作用
25. be concerned about 關(guān)心
語(yǔ)
法 1.The Adverbial
2.The subjunctive mood
重
點(diǎn)
句
型 1. If I hear another sound from you, you will go where it is really cold. 要是再聽(tīng)到你說(shuō)一個(gè)冷字，我就叫你到真正冷的地方去。(地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)
2. Personally, I don’t care. 我個(gè)人是無(wú)所謂的。
3. I think it’s because he walks slower than he used to, as of late. 我覺(jué)得是因為他走路比以前慢了，最近總是遲到。(表語(yǔ)從句)
4. If we develop our study skills, we may find that learning a foreign language does not have to be twice as hard as learning our mother tongue … (倍數表達法)
如果我們發(fā)展了我們的學(xué)習技能，我們就可能發(fā)現，學(xué)習外語(yǔ)的難度并不一定是我們學(xué)習母語(yǔ)難度的兩倍。
5.…it is probably best to start with a shorter visit.
……那么你最好一開(kāi)始只作短期的訪(fǎng)問(wèn)。
重點(diǎn)突破
1．In the race to become rich quickly, some people forget that business is not only about making money and profits.有可能迅速致富，但有些人忘記了做生意不僅僅是賺錢(qián)和獲取利潤。
in the race =in the running 有獲勝、勝利的希望
in the race可在句中做表語(yǔ)或后接動(dòng)詞不定式
Despite setbacks he is still much in the race.
雖然遭到挫折，他仍有勝利的希望。
Charles is still in the race as a possible next head of the firm. 查爾斯仍有希望當這家公司下一任的主管。
2. It’s so cold in here. 這里很冷。
在英語(yǔ)中少數幾個(gè)介詞可接副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)作為其賓語(yǔ)。
I live not far away near here. 我住的地方離這兒不遠。
He took a look at me from above his glasses.
他從鏡框的上方掃了我一眼。
There was no way except by boat. 除了乘船沒(méi)有出路。
3. If I hear another sound from you, you will go where it is really cold. 要是再聽(tīng)到你說(shuō)一個(gè)冷字，我就叫你到真正冷的地方去。 (地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句)
go是不及物動(dòng)詞，where引導地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句；常見(jiàn)的引導地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞還有wherever。
Please make marks where you have questions when you are reading books. 閱讀的時(shí)候在有問(wèn)題的地方劃上記號。
They teach wherever their pupils live.
學(xué)生住在哪里,老師們就在哪里上課。
【溫故知新】
注意地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句的區別,有時(shí)候兩種從句可以轉換。
We should go where it is quieter.＝We should go to a place where / in which it is quieter.
我們應該到更安靜些的地方去
Sit wherever you like. ＝Sit at any place where / in which you like. 請隨便坐。
但where引導地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)可前置句首,而引導定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)則不可。
Generally speaking, where there is water, life is likely to be seen. 一般而言，在有水的地方，你就能見(jiàn)到生命。
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴If you are traveling _____the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. （2006天津）
A. in which B. what C. when D. where
【題解】D where引導的是地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句；A項只可能出現在定語(yǔ)從句中，in which前面應該有先行詞。
⑵-Mom, what did your doctor say? (2006四川)
-He advised me to live _____the air is fresher.
A. in where B. in which
C. the place where D. where
【題解】D根據句子結構，A項明顯錯誤；B項引導定語(yǔ)從句，選項前無(wú)先行詞；live是不及物動(dòng)詞，應有一介詞in才能選C項。引導狀語(yǔ)從句的where=in/at/to the place where.
⑶We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. (2006山東)
A. where B. that C. when D. which
【題解】A where 引導定語(yǔ)從句，指地點(diǎn)，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。意思是：在這一點(diǎn)上。類(lèi)似的結構有：I can hardly find a situation where this idiom can be used.
⑷In peace, too，the Red Cross is expected to send help ____ there is human suffering. (2006江西)
A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever
【題解】D 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句考查，從題干理解“無(wú)論在什么地方出現人類(lèi)災難”，才能“期待紅十字會(huì )提供幫助”。
⑸The place _____the bridge is supposed to be built should be ____the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (2005江蘇)
A. which; where B. at which; which
C. at which; where D. which; in which
【題解】C 檢查考生對邏輯關(guān)聯(lián)用語(yǔ)的掌握和運用能力。第一空為介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導定語(yǔ)從句，第二空為表語(yǔ)從句，表示地點(diǎn)，應用連接詞where。
⑹If a shop has chairs ____women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. （2005上海）
A. that B. which C. when D. where
【題解】D 定語(yǔ)從句考查，where替代先行詞chairs在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)；句意：如果商店提供讓男人坐的椅子，女人會(huì )在商店花更多的時(shí)間選購。
⑺I walked in our garden, ______Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. （2005遼寧）
A. which B. when C. where D. that
【題解】D該句為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，通過(guò)句意不難看出，where作定語(yǔ)從句的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，可排除that和which。
4. I have to pay you a whole day’s wages for no work at all. 你一整天都不工作，我還得付你工錢(qián)。
【溫故知新】
wage n. (pl.) 每日或每周以現金支付的工資
pay 泛指工資
salary 按月支付、直接轉入銀行帳戶(hù)
fee 指專(zhuān)業(yè)服務(wù)的費用如私人醫生、律師等
payment 一次性或不定期工作所得報酬
income 指全部的固定收入包括工資及存款利息
[能力拓展]
選擇填空
⑴My ____ is paid directly into my bank account.
A. wages B. salary C. incomes D. fees
【題解】B 從題干into my bank account“進(jìn)入銀行賬戶(hù)”理解，可排除其余各選項。
⑵He takes his ____ home to his wife every weekend.
A. wages B. salary C. incomes D. fees
【題解】A 從題干信息every weekend理解，應是 “每日或每周以現金支付的工資”，可排除其余各選項。
⑶Most ticket agencies will charge a small ____.
A .fee B. wage C. pay D. income
【題解】A 從題干will charge a small理解，指的是“專(zhuān)業(yè)服務(wù)費用”。
5. Many thousands are in want of basic needs；hundreds of thousands of are in want of basic comforts, sir.
先生，好幾千人缺乏基本的必需品；無(wú)數的人缺乏基本舒適的生活條件。
in want of 缺少；缺乏；需要
【溫故知新】
in want of be short of be low in a shortage of
lack a lack of lack of
這幾個(gè)短語(yǔ)或單詞都有“缺少；缺乏；短缺”的意思，在結構中也有不同之處。
in want of是一短語(yǔ)介詞，在句子中常用作表語(yǔ)：
We are so well provided that we are not in want of anything. 我們應有盡有，什么也不缺。
short of是一形容詞慣用語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)用：
We are short of cash. 我們現在現金不足
low in是一形容詞慣用語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)用：
Food supplies are running low in the expedition team.
探險隊里的食品日益減少。
a shortage of中shortage是一可數名詞。
There has been a shortage of teachers.（U12，SBⅢ）
教師一直短缺。
lack是一及物動(dòng)詞；同時(shí)也是名詞，多作不可數名詞，常與of連用；有時(shí)前面可加不定冠詞。
She lacks the money to buy new shoes. 她沒(méi)錢(qián)買(mǎi)新鞋。
There is no lack of vegetables. 蔬菜不缺。
The disease is spreading fast in Africa and parts of Asia, mainly because of a lack of proper health care,...
因為缺乏衛生保健，這種疾病在非洲和亞洲的部分地區傳播很快……。 （U7, SBⅡ）
6. Personally, I don’t care. 我個(gè)人是無(wú)所謂的。
1）personally是一副詞，位于句首時(shí)可理解為“就我本人來(lái)說(shuō)”，主語(yǔ)為第一人稱(chēng)；多見(jiàn)用逗號隔離，偶爾也見(jiàn)不用逗號。
Personally, I think he is dishonest, but many people trust him. 就我個(gè)人而言，我認為他不誠實(shí)，可是有許多人信任他。
Personally, I don't approve of her.
就我本人而言, 我不喜歡她。
She said she didn’t like it, but personally I thought it was very good.
她說(shuō)她不喜歡，但就我個(gè)人而言，我認為非常不錯。
在表達主觀(guān)看法或以示強調時(shí)，也常用下列結構：
[能力拓展]
選用下列短語(yǔ)完成句子
in one’s opinion/view that is (to say) in other words
in one’s own words so far as I know in general
⑴In general, Scotland is cold throughout the year.
一般說(shuō)來(lái)，蘇格蘭終年寒冷。 （U5，BⅡ）
⑵They are all used to their environment; that is, they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.
它們全都習慣于周?chē)沫h(huán)境，也就是，它們學(xué)會(huì )了在棲息地繁衍生息。 （U10, BⅠ）
⑶In my opinion, you ought to ask your father’s opinion about your plans. （U14，BⅠ）
依我看，你應當征求爸爸對你計劃的意見(jiàn)。
⑷So far as I know, the Natural History Museum is free.
據我所知，這自然歷史博物館是免費的。
⑸In other words, the way tomatoes grow from a natural seed is changed. （U19，BⅠ）
換言之，西紅柿從天然種子的生長(cháng)過(guò)程改變了。
2）personally作為強調加強語(yǔ)氣時(shí)，常位于人稱(chēng)代詞之后，其作用相當于一反身代詞，意為“本人；親自”。
I dislike him personally (himself), but I admire his art.
我不喜歡他的為人,但我欽佩他的藝術(shù)。
She personally (herself) saw to the comforts of her guests.
她親自照顧客人。
7. The rich only occupied themselves with making money, and had no eye for the needs and welfare of their workers. 這些有錢(qián)人只忙于賺錢(qián)，一點(diǎn)也不關(guān)注員工們的需要和福利。
1) occupy oneself +in/with (doing) sth連用,意為“忙于做某事；從事于……；專(zhuān)心于……”；＝devote oneself to。
After he has retired, he will occupy himself with gardening.
退休后,他將致力于園藝。
He occupied himself with various research projects.
他終日忙于各種研究計劃。
be occupied in doing sth. / with sth. =be busy doing sth. / with sth.忙于做某事;忙于某事
The workers were occupied in building new houses.
工人們正在忙碌著(zhù)蓋新房子。
She is occupied in writing a novel. 她忙于寫(xiě)小說(shuō)。
2）have an eye for 關(guān)注；對……感興趣；能欣賞/判斷/識別出。
Their parents are only concerned about the health of their children but have no eye for their studies.
他們的父母僅僅只關(guān)心他們孩子們的身體健康但對他們孩子的學(xué)習一點(diǎn)不顧。
She has an eye for beauty. 她很有審美能力。
[能力拓展]
在表達“關(guān)心、關(guān)注”時(shí)，也常用到下列短語(yǔ)：
用所給動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的適當形式填空：
⑴Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and it is important to have someone (to care about). （U1,SBⅠ）
⑵The media can often help solve problems and (draw attention to) situations where help is needed.（U2, BⅡ）
⑶Many parents worry about the safety of their children and may also (be concerned about) the cost.（U8, BⅢ）
⑷They (give close attention to) both the content of the discussion and the way that things are said…
(U12, BⅢ)
⑸To our sadness, it is only herself who she (cares for).
8. If quite convenient, sir. 先生，如果方便的話(huà)。
這是個(gè)省略句,其完整形式為If it is quite convenient to you, sir.
convenient adj. 方便的；合適的
It is convenient for / to sb. to do sth.(對某人而言)做……方便
在時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、方式或讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果主句從句的主語(yǔ)一致，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞含有系動(dòng)詞be或助動(dòng)詞be，常常把從句中的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)中的be省略。
While (she was) still a student, she played roles in many plays. （U4, BⅠ）
在她還是一個(gè)學(xué)生時(shí)，就在許多劇中扮演角色。
When (he was) asked about the secret of his success, Steven Spielberg said that he owes much of his success to his wife and children. （U4, BⅠ）
當被問(wèn)及到他成功的秘密時(shí)，史蒂文斯皮爾伯格說(shuō)他的成功歸功于他妻子和孩子們。
You do not need to worry about all these rules while (you are) having dinner with your friends or family. （U6, BⅠ）
在你和朋友或家人進(jìn)餐時(shí)就不必拘泥于這些禮節。
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴____with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all. （2004湖北）
A. Compare B. When comparing
C. Comparing D. When compared
【題解】D 本小題非謂語(yǔ)形式考查，the biggest ocean與When compared邏輯關(guān)系是被動(dòng)的，應用過(guò)去分詞；從句部分是When（it is）compared with the size of the whole earth省略。
⑵When help, one often says “Thank you.” or “It’s kind of you.” （[2005福建）
A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered
【題解】D本小題非謂語(yǔ)形式考查，從句完整部分是When （one is）offered help, 邏輯關(guān)系是被動(dòng)的應用過(guò)去分詞；同樣省略了從句中主語(yǔ)和助動(dòng)詞be。
⑶When asked by the police, he said that he remembered ___ at the party, but not _____. （2005北京）
A. to arrive, leaving B. to arrive, to leave
C. arriving, leaving D. arriving, to leave
【題解】C檢查對非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞做賓語(yǔ)的掌握和運用； remember doing記得做過(guò)……表完成；remember to do 記住要做……表將來(lái)，題干中從句完整部分是When (he was) asked by the police。
⑷While watching television, ____. （2005全國）
A. the doorbell rang
B. the doorbell rings
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. we heard the doorbell rings
【題解】C 本小題對句子邏輯概念的考查，題干只有狀語(yǔ)部分，完整的從句是While we were watching television,從邏輯關(guān)系看可排除A、B項；D項的賓補rings加s錯誤。
9. I think it’s because he walks slower than he used to, as of late.
我覺(jué)得是因為他走路比以前慢了，最近總是遲到。
1）because 可以引導表語(yǔ)從句。
I think it’s because I criticized him.
我想是因為我批評過(guò)他。
It may be because he is our boss and he can talk to us anyway he wants.
也許是因為他是我們老板，愛(ài)對我們說(shuō)什么就說(shuō)什么。
because和why都可以引導表語(yǔ)從句，區別很大；because強調的是因，而why強調的是果。
He didn’t attend the meeting. That was because he was ill. 他沒(méi)有出席會(huì )議，那是因為他病了。
He was ill. That was why he didn’t attend the meeting.
他病了，那是他沒(méi)有出席會(huì )議的原因。
[能力拓展]
用because或why填空
⑴That is why stone walls are used instead of fences around New England fields.
⑵Many people like the film very much. It’s because most of the people in the film use their real names and play themselves.
⑶It was because his old car had broken down again.
⑷I spoke of his part in the game. That was because he had done better in it than others.
⑸Music can give us a great deal of pleasure. That is why so many people like it.
2)為了避免重復，he used to后省略了已知信息walk。如
有系動(dòng)詞be, 助動(dòng)詞have的時(shí)候, 省略時(shí)要保留be或
have。
[能力拓展]
⑴-Would you like to go on with your work this evening?
-Yes, ____.
A. I would like to do B. I would like
C. I would D. I would like to
【題解】 D為了避免重復,承前省略了go on with my work this evening
⑵Our hometown used to be very poor. But now it is not___.
A. what it used to be B. that it used to be
C. what it used to D. that it used to
【題解】A what在從句中充當系動(dòng)詞be的表語(yǔ), 而that只起連接作用，可排除B、D項；省略了重復出現的內容very poor, 但要保留be。
3）of late =lately =recently 最近
late的用法歸類(lèi)：
latter adj. (兩者中)后者的；較后的;
late adj. 遲的；晚期的；已故的
adv. 遲
later adv. 后來(lái)
adj. 后期的；晚年的
latest adj. 最近的,最新的
lately adv. 最近；近來(lái)
at the latest 至遲
later on 后來(lái)
sooner or later 遲早；早晚
[能力拓展]
⑴You need to hand your projects in by Friday ______.
A. at the latest B. sooner or later
C. later on D. at last
【題解】A根據題干理解，at the latest“最遲”符合題意。
⑵Advertising has a lot of advantages. It keeps us ______about the _____products, and also provides entertainment.
A. informed；latest B. to know；latest
C. learning； newest D. to think；newest
【題解】 A keep us 后可接現在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作賓補，先排除B、D項，us與informed構成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系；latest強調的是時(shí)間距現在“最近的”，the latest products最新產(chǎn)品；newest強調的是性質(zhì), 與“舊”相對應。
⑶Her health seemed to have improved _____.
A. ever since B. as usual C. of late D. for ever
【題解】C ever since“從那時(shí)到現在”，題干seemed是過(guò)去時(shí)，可排除；as usual“照�！�，for ever“永遠；總是”與題意不合；C項of late“最近”貼近題意。
10. …you were studying the language all day long.
……你整天都在學(xué)習這門(mén)語(yǔ)言。
all day long 整天＝all day＝the whole day
教材中表時(shí)間的短語(yǔ)還有許多：
[能力拓展]
根據漢語(yǔ)完成句子
⑴During the next ten years we both worked day and night to pay for it. 在以后的十年期間，我們倆為還債沒(méi)日沒(méi)夜地工作。 （U15，BⅠ）
⑵Every four years athletes from all over the world take part in the Olympic Games. 每四年，世界各地的運動(dòng)員都要參加奧運會(huì )。 （U8，BⅠ）
⑶For example, do not plant rice year after year in the same fields。
例如在同一塊地里不要年年種谷物。（U19，BⅠ）
⑷Scotland is colder throughout the year, and receives more rain.
蘇格蘭全年較冷，雨水更多。 （U5，BⅡ）
⑸The vast centre of Australia is hot and dry all the year round. （U3，BⅢ）
澳大利亞中部的廣大地區一年四季都是炎熱而干燥。
⑹We travelled by day. 我們白天趕路。（U6，BⅢ）
⑺Although the styles may change from year to year, jeans never go completely out of fashion. （U15，BⅢ）
雖然每年的時(shí)尚都在變，可牛仔褲從來(lái)沒(méi)有過(guò)時(shí)過(guò)。
11. They are more willing to take risks and place themselves in new learning situations.
take/ run a risk / risks冒險
take /run the risk of sth. / doing sth.冒著(zhù)……的危險
at any risk 無(wú)論如何，
無(wú)論冒什么危險
at one’s own risk 由自己負責
at risk = in danger 處于危險中
at the risk of sth. / doing sth 冒著(zhù)……的危險
risk doing sth. 冒險干某事
[能力拓展]
根據漢語(yǔ)完成下列句子，每空一詞
⑴他冒著(zhù)生命危險救了我一命。
He saved my life at the risk of his own.
He took risks of his own life life to save me.
⑵疾病在蔓延，所有五歲以下的小孩都有危險。
The disease is spreading, and all children under 5 are at risk.
⑶他為這次工作的面試做好了準備，因為他不愿意冒險失去這么好的機遇。
He got well-prepared for the job interview, for he couldn’t risk losing the good opportunity.
[能力拓展]
用所給短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的適當形式填空
take a risk/risks take a chance/chances
take a sip take patience taken a holiday job
take a deep breath take a day off take a bank loan
take an active part take a critical attitude
⑴During the summer I have taken a holiday job in your uncle’s food company.
⑵It takes patience to look after the babies when they cry during the night.
⑶They have to take a bank loan or borrow money from the government, called a student loan.
⑷They took a critical attitude toward the problem at today’s meeting.
⑸The custom of toasting in some parts of China is to finish the drink at once, but Westerners usually take a sip.
⑹I’m afraid you are taking a risk/risks setting sail in such stormy weather.
⑺Don’t take a chance/chances but make full preparations earlier.
⑻He said he was taking a day off. That’s why he had come to see us.
⑼Take a deep breath, and then you may feel relaxed.
⑽I think your parents should take an active part and it helps find out what to do next.
12. …it is probably best to start with a shorter visit.
……那么你最好一開(kāi)始只作短期的訪(fǎng)問(wèn)。
It is better / best to do sth是一非常有用的句型，可以和You’d better/ best do sth句型轉換，只是You’d better句型主觀(guān)對象更明確，而且一定注意兩句型to do sth和do sth原型動(dòng)詞的微小區別。
It is better to say little. 少說(shuō)為妙。
It is best to contact students who have been abroad to hear about their experiences.
最好聯(lián)系去過(guò)國外的學(xué)生聽(tīng)取他們的經(jīng)驗。
My advice is that it's best to forgive and forget.
我的意見(jiàn)最好是不記前嫌。
13. Review the adverbial
狀語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞、以及全句的句子成分�？捎米鳡钫Z(yǔ)的有副詞、名詞、代詞、數詞、形容詞、不定式、分詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、從句等。
[點(diǎn)擊高考]
⑴____more about university courses, call (920)746-3789.
A. To find out B. Finding out （2005浙江）
C. Find out D. Having found out
【題解】A不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。
⑵_____and happy, Tommy stood up and accepted the prize.
A. Surprising B. Surprised （2006全國）
C. Being surprised D. To be surprised
【題解】B 形容詞作狀語(yǔ)。
⑶_____, the more expensive the camera, the better its quality. （2005全國）
A. General speaking B. Speaking general
C. Generally speaking D. Speaking generally
【題解】 C評述性狀語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的類(lèi)似狀語(yǔ)還有considering 考慮到；judging from /by 通過(guò)……來(lái)判斷；to tell the truth 講實(shí)話(huà)；to be honest老實(shí)說(shuō)；to be (more) exact更確切地說(shuō)；to make things worse/worse still/what’s worse糟糕的是。
⑷Much of the power of the trade unions has been lost. , their political influence should be very great.
（2006廣東）
A. As a result B. As usual C. Even so D. So far
【題解】 C副詞詞組做狀語(yǔ)；根據語(yǔ)境，應該用even so, “雖然如此”。
⑸I’m certain David’s told you his business troubles.____, it’s no secret that he owes a lot of money to the bank.
（2006湖北）
A. However B. Anyway C. Therefore D. Though
【題解】B在語(yǔ)境中考查副詞做狀語(yǔ)的用法。根據題干中his business troubles理解，“總之”他欠債已不是秘密了”。
⑹This is a very interesting book. I’ll buy it, _____.
（2006陜西）
A. how may it cost B. no matter how it may cost
C. how much may it cost D. however much it may cost
【題解】 D 本題考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，可直接根據句意得出答案D。
14. Review the subjunctive mood
虛擬語(yǔ)氣是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式。它用來(lái)表示所說(shuō)的不是事實(shí),或者是不可能發(fā)生的情況,表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的愿望、假設、建議、命令、請求等。
[能力拓展]
1. 句型轉換
⑴I didn’t know the result at that time.
→I wish I had known the result at that time.
⑵It’s time for us to take chances to make greater progress. →It’s time that we took chances to make greater progress.
⑶I don’t know his name, so I can’t phone him.
→If I knew his name, I would phone him.
⑷He didn’t tell me his name, so I couldn’t phone him at that time. →If he had told me his name, I would have phoned him at that time.
2. 用括號內所給動(dòng)詞的適當形式填空
⑴I’d rather he were (be) present at this/tomorrow’s
conference.
⑵It is right time(that) you experimented (experiment) with new methods of teaching.
⑶Without the pills, you wouldn’t have had (not have) such a good sleep.
⑷I was busy, or / otherwise I would have joined (join) you
in the picnic.
⑸The boy acted as if he had been (be) to Canada before.
【點(diǎn)擊高考】
⑴Eliza remembers everything exactly as if it ______ yesterday. (2006全國)
A. was happening B. happens
C. has happened D. happened
⑵-Don’t you think it necessary that he ____ to Miami but to New York?
-I agree, but the problem is _____ he has refused to. (2005江蘇)
A. will not be sent；that B. not be sent；that
C. should not be sent；what D. should not send；what
【題解】在…necessary/important/impossible/proper ＋that clause這一句型結構中，從句要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣其結構為should＋原形動(dòng)詞；第二空that在表語(yǔ)從句中僅起連詞作用。
【題解】D as if (though)引導的從句一般要用虛擬語(yǔ)氣；用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)表達與現在事實(shí)相反。句意“……仿佛就像昨天發(fā)生的一樣”。
⑶He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal. (2001上海春)
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
【題解】D 從題干hesitated理解，只能是與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，可轉換成if had not hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, …從句。
⑷What would have happened ____as far as the river bank?
(2001上海)
A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther
C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther
【題解】C 這是省略了if 的倒裝，可復原為if Bob had walked farther。
⑸How I wish every family ____a large house with a beautiful garden! (2002上海春)
A. has B. had D. will have D. had had
【題解】B wish后接賓語(yǔ)從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，用動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)表達與現在事實(shí)相反。
⑹____ be sent to work there? (2002上海)
A. Who do you suggest
B. Who do you suggest that should
C. Do you suggest who should
D. Do you suggest whom should
【題解】A suggest(建議) 后接賓語(yǔ)從句需用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，從句中的should可省略。B項多一連接詞that；do you suggest / think…賓語(yǔ)從句中的連接詞(what/which/ when/where等)應位于主句前，故排除C、D項。
實(shí)戰演練
I. 單項填空
( )1.When I arrived，I saw the place was already _____ by two strangers .
A. occupied B. possessed C. owned D. conquered
【題解】 A句意為“兩個(gè)陌生人占用了這塊地方”。 possess 擁有；具有，own 有；擁有，conquer征服；戰勝。
( )2.______, I am in the middle of a meeting.
A.I am not convenient to talk to you
B. Not being convenient to talk to you
C. It isn’t convenient for me to talk to you
D. It isn’t convenient of me to talk to you
【題解】 C (對某人而言)做某事方便, 只能使用句型It is convenient for / to sb. to do sth.。
( )3. I haven’t done anything wrong. I have got a good ____.
A. confidence B. innocence
C. consciousness D. conscience
【題解】 D conscience意為“良心；良知”。have a good /clear conscience 意為“問(wèn)心無(wú)愧”。have no conscience 意為“沒(méi)良心”。
( )4. When I visited her, she was _____in writing a lecture speech on environment .
A. occupied B. occupying
C. taken up D. absorbing
【題解】 A be occupied in doing sth. / with sth.忙于；從事 take up 拿起；從事, 無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。absorb 吸收。be absorbed in 全神貫注于……。
( )5. _____her answer, so he wrote her another letter.
A. Not having received B. Without receiving
C. He hadn’t received D. Having not received
【題解】 C 此題很容易誤選A,看成是分詞做狀語(yǔ),但題
干中的連詞so提示了此題包含的是兩個(gè)分句,所以選C。
( )6. Sorry madam, we’re _____ up for supper.
A. closing B. cleaning C. turning D. clearing
【題解】 A close up 關(guān)閉, 靠近；clear up 意為“天氣轉晴”；clean up 意為“整理”；turn up 到達, 出現。
( )7.The illness caused him to ____the rest of his class. He had to work hard to make up for the lost time.
A. falling behind B. fell behind
C. fall behind D. fall behind with
【題解】 C fall behind 意為“落后于”,還有“晚交；拖欠”(房租；付款等)之意。
( )8. They found the people suffering the storm were __ food and water supplies when they got there.
A. in thirsty for B. in charge of
C. in want of D. in place of
【題解】C 題意為“當他們到達那里時(shí)，他們發(fā)現遭受風(fēng)暴的人們需要食物和水�！� in want of=in need of “需要”；be thirsty for是“渴望得到”；in charge of是“負責”。
( )9. The guide abused at the tourist; _____, he refused
to apologize.
A. make matters worse B. making matters worse
C. to make matters worse D. made matters worse
【題解】C根據句子結構，該題應選不定式用作過(guò)渡性詞語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)。句意為“那位導游辱罵了那位游客，更為糟糕的是，他拒絕道歉”。
( )10.Only a few people think we shouldn’t go ahead with this plan because of the____ of failure．
A. future B. pressure C. worry D. risk
【題解】D僅僅少數人認為我們不應該執行這個(gè)計劃，因為失敗的風(fēng)險很大。future前途；pressure壓力；worry擔心。
II. 完形填空
How many different kinds of emotions do you feel? You may be 1 to find that it is very hard to specify (詳細說(shuō)明)all of them. Not only are emotional feelings hard to describe in 2 , they are difficult to 3 . As a result, two people 4 agree on all of them. However, there are a number of 5 emotions that most people experience.
When we receive something that we want, or something happens that we like, we usually feel joy or 6 . Joy is a positive and powerful emotion, 7 for which we all strive(奮斗).It is natural to want to be happy, and all of us 8 for happiness. As a general 9 , joy occurs when we reach a 10 goal and obtain a desired object.
11 people often desire different goals and objects, it is 12 that one person may find joy in repairing a car, 13 another may find joy in solving a math problem. Of course, we often share 14 goals or interests, and therefore we can 15 joy together. This may be in sports, in learning, in raising a family, or in just being 16 .
When we have difficulty in obtaining our objects or reaching our goals we experience negative(消極的)emotions, such as anger and grief. When 17 things get in the 18 , we experience minor（較小的）frustrations(挫折)or tensions(緊張). For example, if you are 19 to go out, you may feel frustration when a button falls off. The more difficulty you have in reaching a goal, the more frustrated you may become. If you really want something to happen, and you feel it 20 happen, but someone or something stops it, you may become quite angry.
( )1. A. shocked B. surprised C.terrified D. nervous
( )2. A. English B. Chinese C. words D. books
( )3. A. list B. recognize C. arrange D. say
( )4. A. easily B. rarely C. usually D. always
( )5. A. nice B. new C. vital D. basic
( )6. A. pain B. happiness C. coldness D. warm
( )7. A. one B. and C. thing D. it is
( )8. A. wait B. care C. search D. are late
( )9. A. practice B. rule C. law D. sense
( )10. A. desired B. chosen C. accepted D. final
( )11. A. If B. Unless C. Since D. Except
( )12. A.strange B. interesting
C. funny D. understandable
( )13. A.though B. because C. while D. even if
( )14. A. other B. common C. different D. positive
( )15. A. find B. remember
C. lose D. experience
( )16. A. together B.careful C. different D. alone
( )17. A. great B. little C. some D. horrible
( )18. A. street B. town C. house D. way
( )19. A.forced B. preparing C. dressing D. eager
( )20. A. may B. will C. should D. can
【題解】
1. B 每個(gè)人都很熟悉又且時(shí)常體驗的喜怒哀樂(lè )等情緒卻又難以一一細述, 確實(shí)令人“surprised”(驚訝)。
2. C in words 意為 “用言語(yǔ)”。
3. A 人的情感、情緒不但難以用言語(yǔ)描述,且難以“l(fā)ist”（列表、歸類(lèi)）�！�
4. B 據上下文和常識選 B。
5. D vital意為 “重大的”。
6. B 當事如人愿時(shí),我們通常當然是感到高興或幸福。
7. A one作joy的同位語(yǔ)，相當于“an emotion”。
8. C 據句意選C。
9. B as a (general) rule乃一詞組，意為“通常，一般來(lái)說(shuō)”
10. A desired “渴望的，想得到的”。 句尾的 “a desired object”也提示了此空選A。
11. C 此狀語(yǔ)從句表原因，故可排除A、B、D。
12. D 只有understandable“可以理解的”符合文意。
13. C 句意前后對比，故選while .
14. B 從后文的sports、learning、raising a family可知此空選common“共同的,普通的”較佳。
15. D experience joy “體驗快樂(lè )”。
16. A 據上文選A。
17. B 小事讓你體會(huì )小的挫折感和緊張感，大的就不然了。
18. D in the way “擋道”。
19. C 著(zhù)衣時(shí)掉紐扣較為符合邏輯。
20. C 根據文意選“should”。
III.閱讀理解
A
Skiing has become a way of life for many people. From the moment the first snowflake（雪花） falls until the spring thaw（融化，解凍）, skiers put their skis on their cars and head for the slopes .There are many reasons behind the popularity of this winter sport.
Skiing is a true family sport that can be enjoyed by all people whether 3 or 93 years old. Being able to go down a hill ,to turn at will, and enjoy nature at its loveliest are pleasant feelings for all age groups.
Skiing is also interesting because it provides a variety of experiences. Snow conditions change hourly as the temperature and weather conditions change during the day .Moreover, every trail is different. Seldom does one pass over the same spot twice.
Improvement in ski equipment, clothing, and ski areas have made the sport more pleasurable, comfortable, and available. Warm light down–filled clothing has replaced layers of heavy sweaters. Ski equipment made with modern materials has made skis and poles lighter, more flexible, and suited to people of all ages and abilities. The availability(可用)of skiing has also been improved by snow –making equipment. Even in areas of the country that have very little snowfall, snow can be made if the temperature is blow 32 degrees.
For many people, skiing is an opportunity to enjoy the beauty of outdoors, to challenge their physical abilities, and, finally to simply have fun. It is a sport enjoyed worldwide and appears to be gaining in popularity constantly.
( )1. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. the advantages and disadvantages of skiing
B. the description of skiing
C. the reasons why skiing is easy today than in the past
D. the reasons why skiing is a popular sport
( )2. The paragraph following this passage probably deals with_____.
A. snow – making B. skiing accidents
C. the cost of skiing D. ski places around the world
( )3. According to the passage, the underlined word “down – filled clothes” most probably means _____.
A. something filled with cotton
B. something filled with feathers
C. something filled with wool
D. something filled with silk
( )4. All of the following can make skiing fun for all ages except____.
A. being able to pass over the same spot twice
B. being able to go down a hill
C. being able to turn at will
D. being able to enjoy nature at its loveliest
【題解】
1. D 由第一段倒數第一句話(huà)可知。
2. D從倒數第一段倒數第一句話(huà)可知。
3. B羽絨服由其前的warm light 推知。
4. A
B
Water Saving
Faced with the threat of water shortage, Beijing and Shanghai will take effective measures to save water and protect water resources.
Beijing will stick more strictly to water saving policies through the readjustment of industrial structures. Beijing is expected to be short of 1,185 billion cubic meters of water by 2020. Beijing will shut down factories with high water consumption and pollution including electric power, steel and paper manufacturing equipment. Advanced water saving technology will be introduced to new industrial projects in the capital city.
Grain-growing areas will be reduced to save ground water and more trees will be planted. Animal breeding and other “high efficient” agriculture with modern water-saving irrigation methods will be developed.
It is said that water used in agriculture will drop to 35% of the city’s water consumption in 2010 from 43% in 1998, and the figure will continue to drop to 28-30 percent in 2020. Beijing will increase the speed of renovation (修復) of its urban water supply equipment. It’s reported that more than 15% of water is lost during distribution (分發(fā)). Water –saving equipment and efficient management can save Beijing more than 537 million cubic meters of water by 2010.
Shanghai still faces key problems connected with its water resources and environments. Since 1998, the city has invested nearly $169 million to treat its rivers, especially Suzhou Creek. The city’s rivers have become noticeably clearer since putting it into action.
The government will provide a further $24 million for the treatment of rivers and $12 million to treat sewage (污物).
This year’s task is to improve the water quality at the three ports of Longhua, Yangshupu and Hongkou. Another emphasis to raise the water system is Songjiang New Area with a project worth $4.8 million .Efforts will be made to improve public awareness about the need to protect water resources.
( )5.Grain-growing areas in Beijing will be reduced because _____ .
A. a lot of ground water will be saved by this means
B. Beijing helps to develop advanced technology
C. highly effective agriculture needs less farmland
D. grain can’t fetch a good price in China
( )6.How much money has Shanghai spent on its rivers ?
A.$209.8 B.$169 C.$193 D.$205
( )7.The author wrote this passage to tell us _____.
A. Beijing and Shanghai are short of water
B. to save every drop of water in our daily life
C. big cities like Beijing and Shanghai are trying their best to protect water resources
D. water shortage has become one of the most important problems that China has to deal with
( )8. What is the most important thing for people to do to protect water resources?
A. We should plant more trees and flowers.
B. We should clean the banks of our rivers.
C. The government should invest more money to improve water quality.
D. Public awareness should be improved.
【題解】
5. A 由第三段第一句話(huà)可知。
6. B
7. C 第一段概括了文章的大意。
8. D根據文章大意再綜合四個(gè)選項,只有第四項最佳。
IV. 短文填空
閱讀短文，根據所讀內容在文后1～10的空格里填上適當的單詞或短語(yǔ)。注意：每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞。
The long years of food shortage in this country have suddenly given way to apparent abundance. Stores and shops are choked with food. Rationing (定量供應)is virtually stopped, and overseas suppliers have been asked to hold back deliveries. Yet, instead of joy, there is wide-spread uneasiness and confusion. Why do food prices keep rising, when there seems to be so much food about?
The recent food abundance is partly because a strange sequence of two successful grain harvests in North America is now being followed by a third. Most of Britain’s overseas suppliers of meat, too, are offering more this year and home production has also risen.
But the effect of all this on the food situation in this country has been made worse by a rise in food prices, due chiefly to the gradual cutting down of government support for food. The shops are overstocked with food not only because there is more food available, but also because people, frightened by high prices, are buying less of it.
Moreover, the rise in domestic prices has come at a time when world prices begin to fall, with the result that imported food, with the exception of grain, is often cheaper than home-produced variety. And now grain prices, too, are falling. Consumers are beginning to ask why they should not be enabled to benefit from the trend.
Title: Food and 1.______
Present situation 2.______ Abundance--- stores and shops are overstocked
Food price 3.______ World prices
Keeping rising 4.______
People Feeling 5.____-wondering why consumers can't benefit from food abundance.
Frightened by high prices→6.______
Reasons for food abundance In North America A successful sequence of 7.______.More imported food with lower prices.
8.______ Fast increase in home production.
Reasons for 9____ The government Gradually cutting down 10.______
1. its price 2. Food storage 3. Domestic prices 4. Beginning to fall 5. uneasy and confused
6. buying less (food) 7. three grain harvests 8. In Britain 9. price rising 10. support for food
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